Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil.

William Marciel de Souza ORCID logo; Lewis FletcherBuss; Darlan da SilvaCandido; Jean-Paul Carrera ORCID logo; SabrinaLi; Alexander E Zarebski ORCID logo; Rafael Henrique Moraes Pereira ORCID logo; Carlos A Prete ORCID logo; Andreza Aruska de Souza-Santos ORCID logo; Kris V Parag ORCID logo; +32 more... Maria Carolina TD Belotti ORCID logo; Maria FVincenti-Gonzalez; Janey Messina ORCID logo; Flavia Cristina da Silva Sales ORCID logo; Pamela Dos Santos Andrade ORCID logo; Vítor Heloiz Nascimento ORCID logo; FabioGhilardi; Leandro Abade ORCID logo; Bernardo Gutierrez ORCID logo; Moritz UG Kraemer ORCID logo; Carlos KVBraga; Renato SantanaAguiar; Neal Alexander ORCID logo; Philippe Mayaud ORCID logo; Oliver J Brady ORCID logo; Izabel Marcilio ORCID logo; Nelson Gouveia ORCID logo; GuangdiLi; AdrianaTami; Silvano Barbosade Oliveira; Victor Bertollo Gomes Porto ORCID logo; FabianaGanem; Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida ORCID logo; Francieli Fontana Sutile TardettiFantinato; Eduardo MarquesMacário; Wanderson Kleberde Oliveira; Mauricio L Nogueira ORCID logo; Oliver G Pybus ORCID logo; Chieh-Hsi Wu ORCID logo; Julio Croda ORCID logo; Ester CSabino; Nuno Rodrigues Faria ORCID logo; (2020) Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil. NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR, 4 (8). pp. 856-865. ISSN 2397-3374 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-0928-4
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The first case of COVID-19 was detected in Brazil on 25 February 2020. We report and contextualize epidemiological, demographic and clinical findings for COVID-19 cases during the first 3 months of the epidemic. By 31 May 2020, 514,200 COVID-19 cases, including 29,314 deaths, had been reported in 75.3% (4,196 of 5,570) of municipalities across all five administrative regions of Brazil. The R0 value for Brazil was estimated at 3.1 (95% Bayesian credible interval = 2.4-5.5), with a higher median but overlapping credible intervals compared with some other seriously affected countries. A positive association between higher per-capita income and COVID-19 diagnosis was identified. Furthermore, the severe acute respiratory infection cases with unknown aetiology were associated with lower per-capita income. Co-circulation of six respiratory viruses was detected but at very low levels. These findings provide a comprehensive description of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil and may help to guide subsequent measures to control virus transmission.



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