Items where Author is "Cairncross, Sandy"
Number of items: 165.
2022
What influences individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviours in a small town? A formative research study in Babati, Tanzania. (2022)
Malima, Gabriel; Mshida, Hoyce; Machunda, Revocatus; Moyo, Francis; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Njau, Karoli N
2021
Interventions promoting uptake of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) technologies in low- and middle-income countries: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies. (2021)
Chirgwin, Hannah; Cairncross, Sandy; Zehra, Dua; Sharma Waddington, Hugh
Effects on childhood infections of promoting safe and hygienic complementary-food handling practices through a community-based programme: A cluster randomised controlled trial in a rural area of The Gambia. (2021)
Manaseki-Holland, Semira; Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Martin, James T; Bradley, Christopher; Jackson, Louise; Taal, Makie; Gautam, Om Prasad; Crowe, Francesca; Sanneh, Bakary; Ensink, Jeroen; Stokes, Tim; Cairncross, Sandy
PROTOCOL: Water, sanitation and hygiene for reducing childhood mortality in low- and middle-income countries. (2021)
Sharma Waddington, Hugh; Cairncross, Sandy
Assessing the health benefits of development interventions. (2021)
Tusting, Lucy S; Cairncross, Sandy; Ludolph, Ramona; Velayudhan, Raman; Wilson, Anne L; Lindsay, Steven W
Broadening horizons in impact evaluation for water, sanitation and hygiene planning: recycling and reinterpreting evidence. (2021)
Waddington, HJ
2020
Comparison of Face Washing and Face Wiping Methods for Trachoma Control: A Pilot Study. (2020)
Czerniewska, Alexandra; Versteeg, Aalbertus; Shafi, Oumer; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Aga, Muluadam Abraham; Last, Anna; MacLeod, David; Sarah, Virginia; Dodson, Sarity; Negussu, Nebiyu; Sori, Birhanu Kenate; Kirumba, Michael; Biran, Adam; Cairncross, Sandy; Burton, Matthew J; Greenland, Katie
Detecting extra-ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in a trachoma-endemic community in Ethiopia: Identifying potential routes of transmission. (2020)
Last, Anna; Versteeg, Bart; Shafi Abdurahman, Oumer; Robinson, Ailie; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Abraham Aga, Muluadam; Shumi Bejiga, Gemechu; Negussu, Nebiyu; Greenland, Katie; Czerniewska, Alexandra; Thomson, Nicholas; Cairncross, Sandy; Sarah, Virginia; Macleod, David; Solomon, Anthony W; Logan, James; Burton, Matthew J
Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Small Towns in Tanzania: The Case of Babati District, Manyara Region. (2020)
Mshida, Hoyce; Malima, Gabriel; Machunda, Revocatus; Muzuka, Alfred NN; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Shana, Edward S; Herman, Amadeus; Njau, Karoli N
The value of monitoring data in a process evaluation of hygiene behaviour change in Community Health Clubs to explain findings from a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Rwanda. (2020)
Waterkeyn, Juliet; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Uwingabire, Fausca; Pantoglou, Julia; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Mbirira, Marcie; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard
2019
Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. (2019)
Anne Virginia Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Sandy
What Proportion Counts? Disaggregating Access to Safely Managed Sanitation in an Emerging Town in Tanzania. (2019)
Komakech, Hans C; Moyo, Francis; Roda, Oscar Veses; Machunda, Revocatus L; Smith, Kyla M; Gautam, Om P; Cairncross, Sandy
Developing a Contextually Appropriate Integrated Hygiene Intervention to Achieve Sustained Reductions in Diarrheal Diseases. (2019)
Morse, Tracy; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Tilley, Elizabeth; Malolo, Rossanie; Kumwenda, Save; Musaya, Janelisa; Cairncross, Sandy
Experiences of capacity strengthening in sanitation and hygiene research in Africa and Asia: the SHARE Research Consortium. (2019)
Torondel, Belen; Balls, Emily; Chisenga, Caroline Cleopatra; Kumwenda, Save; Okello, Elialilia; Simiyu, Sheillah; Morse, Tracy; Smith, Kyla; Mumma, Jane; Banzi, Joseph; Harvey, Erik; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Chipungu, Jenala; Grosskurth, Heiner; Beda, Amani; Kapiga, Saidi; EstevesMills, Joanna; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Chilengi, Roma
Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. (2019)
Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Cairncross; Cairncross, Alexander
2018
The public health benefits of urban sanitation in low and middle income countries. (2018)
Cairncross, Sandy
Use of biomass briquettes: its effect on household air pollution and on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Gambian women and young children. A randomized controlled trial. (2018)
Litchfield, T
Promoting hygienic weaning food handling practices through a community-based programme: intervention implementation and baseline characteristics for a cluster randomised controlled trial in rural Gambia. (2018)
Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Bradley, Chris; Ensink, Jeroen; Martin, James T; Sowe, Jama; Jarju, Abdou; Cairncross, Sandy; Manaseki-Holland, Semira
Urban Waste Collectors in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: Their Perceptions of Occupational Health Risk. (2018)
Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo
An Assessment of the Microbiological Water Quality of Sand Dams in Southeastern Kenya. (2018)
Quinn, Ruth; Avis, Orlando; Decker, Manon; Parker, Alison; Cairncross, Sandy
Adherence to Point-of-Use Water Treatment over Short-Term Implementation: Parallel Crossover Trials of Flocculation-Disinfection Sachets in Pakistan and Zambia. (2018)
Shaheed, A; Rathore, S; Bastable, A; Bruce, J; Cairncross, S; Brown, J
Understanding Living Conditions and Deprivation in Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. (2018)
Simiyu, Sheillah; Cairncross, Sandy; Swilling, Mark
2017
Trial of a Novel Intervention to Improve Multiple Food Hygiene Behaviors in Nepal. (2017)
Gautam, Om Prasad; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Cavill, Sue; Curtis, Valerie
Is waste collection associated with hepatitis B infection? A meta-analysis. (2017)
Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo
Assessment of work-related accidents associated with waste handling in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). (2017)
Mol, Marcos Pg; Pereira, Amanda F; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo
The public health significance of latrines discharging to groundwater used for drinking. (2017)
Ravenscroft, P; Mahmud, ZH; Islam, MS; Hossain, AKMZ; Zahid, A; Saha, GC; Zulfiquar Ali, AHM; Islam, K; Cairncross, S; Clemens, JD; Islam, MS
Decision-making on shared sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. (2017)
Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy
Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya. (2017)
Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy; Rheingans, Richard
Estimating the Cost and Payment for Sanitation in the Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya: A Cross Sectional Study. (2017)
Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Rheingans, Richard; Cairncross, Sandy
Guinea worm: from Robert Leiper to eradication. (2017)
Tayeh, A; Cairncross, S; Cox, FEG
2016
Can water, sanitation and hygiene help eliminate stunting? Current evidence and policy implications. (2016)
Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy
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Safe distances between groundwater-based water wells and pit latrines at different hydrogeological conditions in the Ganges Atrai floodplains of Bangladesh. (2016)
Islam, M Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Islam, M Shafiqul; Saha, Ganesh Chandra; Zahid, Anwar; Ali, Ahm Zulfiquar; Hassan, M Qumrul; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; Hossain, Yakub; Hasan, M Masud; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard; Luby, Stephen P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Endtz, Hubert Ph; Faruque, Shah M; Clemens, John D
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C among domestic and healthcare waste handlers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. (2016)
Mol, Marcos Pg; Gonçalves, Jéssica P; Silva, Edvania A; Scarponi, Cristiane FdO; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo
Monitoring the inputs required to extend and sustain hygiene promotion: findings from the GLAAS 2013/2014 survey. (2016)
Moreland, Leslie D; Gore, Fiona M; Andre, Nathalie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ
A field performance and adherence study of point-of-use water treatment in Zambia and Pakistan. (2016)
Shaheed, A
2015
A Farm to Fork Risk Assessment for the Use of Wastewater in Agriculture in Accra, Ghana. (2015)
Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Cairncross, Sandy; Peasey, Anne; Price, Vivien; Bruce, Jane; Baker, Kelly; Moe, Christine; Ampofo, Joseph; Armah, George; Ensink, Jeroen
A controlled, before-and-after trial of an urban sanitation intervention to reduce enteric infections in children: research protocol for the Maputo Sanitation (MapSan) study, Mozambique. (2015)
Brown, Joe; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen; Holcomb, David; Knee, Jackie; Kolsky, Peter; Liang, Kaida; Liang, Song; Nala, Rassul; Norman, Guy; Rheingans, Richard; Stewart, Jill; Zavale, Olimpio; Zuin, Valentina; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter
Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. (2015)
Clasen, Thomas F; Alexander, Kelly T; Sinclair, David; Boisson, Sophie; Peletz, Rachel; Chang, Howard H; Majorin, Fiona; Cairncross, Sandy
Menstrual Hygiene Practices, WASH Access and the Risk of Urogenital Infection in Women from Odisha, India. (2015)
Das, Padma; Baker, Kelly K; Dutta, Ambarish; Swain, Tapoja; Sahoo, Sunita; Das, Bhabani Sankar; Panda, Bijay; Nayak, Arati; Bara, Mary; Bilung, Bibiana; Mishra, Pravas Ranjan; Panigrahi, Pinaki; Cairncross, Sandy; Torondel, Belen
Assessment of a membrane drinking water filter in an emergency setting. (2015)
Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Bastable, Andy; Cairncross, Sandy
Chapter 36: Poverty. (2015)
Heller, L; Cairncross, S
Role of phytoplankton in maintaining endemicity and seasonality of cholera in Bangladesh. (2015)
Islam, M Sirajul; Islam, M Shafiqul; Mahmud, Zahid H; Cairncross, Sandy; Clemens, John D; Collins, Andrew E
Water supply interruptions and suspected cholera incidence: a time-series regression in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (2015)
Jeandron, Aurélie; Saidi, Jaime Mufitini; Kapama, Alois; Burhole, Manu; Birembano, Freddy; Vandevelde, Thierry; Gasparrini, Antonio; Armstrong, Ben; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ
Pit latrine emptying behavior and demand for sanitation services in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. (2015)
Jenkins, Marion W; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy
Infant and Young Child Feces Management and Enabling Products for Their Hygienic Collection, Transport, and Disposal in Cambodia. (2015)
Miller-Petrie, Molly K; Voigt, Lindsay; McLennan, Lyn; Cairncross, Sandy; Jenkins, Marion W
Hepatitis B and C in household and health services solid waste workers. (2015)
Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo
Integrating surveillance data on water-related diseases and drinking-water quality; action-research in a Brazilian municipality. (2015)
Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy
The Impact of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Interventions to Control Cholera: A Systematic Review. (2015)
Taylor, Dawn L; Kahawita, Tanya M; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ
2014
Health impacts of sanitation and hygiene. (2014)
Cairncross, S; Cumming, O; Schechtman, L; Velleman, Y; Waddington, H
Mother Nature's surprises. (2014)
Cairncross, Sandy
Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods. (2014)
Clasen, Thomas; Pruss-Ustun, Annette; Mathers, Colin D; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Colford, John M
Reducing occurrence of Giardia duodenalis in children living in semiarid regions: impact of a large scale rainwater harvesting initiative. (2014)
Fonseca, Jacqueline Evangelista; Carneiro, Mariângela; Pena, João Luiz; Colosimo, Enrico A; da Silva, Nívea Bispo; da Costa, André Gabriel FC; Moreira, Luciano E; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Léo
The uneven progress of sanitation in India. (2014)
Ghosh, Arabinda; Cairncross, Sandy
Water and sanitation in Brazil: the public–private pendulum. (2014)
Heller, Leo; Rezende, Sonaly Cristina; Cairncross, Sandy
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Needs assessment to strengthen capacity in water and sanitation research in Africa: experiences of the African SNOWS consortium. (2014)
Hunter, Paul R; Abdelrahman, Samira H; Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Awuah, Esi; Cairncross, Sandy; Chappell, Eileen; Dalsgaard, Anders; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Potgieter, Natasha; Mokgobu, Ingrid; Muchiri, Edward W; Mulogo, Edgar; van der Es, Mike; Odai, Samuel N
Beyond ‘improved’ towards ‘safe and sustainable’ urban sanitation: assessing the design, management and functionality of sanitation in poor communities of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. (2014)
Jenkins, MW; Cumming, O; Scott, B; Cairncross, S
What role for local government in sanitation promotion? Lessons from Tanzania. (2014)
Jiménez, Alejandro; Mtango, Fimbo F; Cairncross, Sandy
Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low- and middle-income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries. (2014)
Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Bartram, Jamie; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie; Bonjour, Sophie; Dangour, Alan D; De France, Jennifer; Fewtrell, Lorna; Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Johnston, Richard B; Mathers, Colin; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Medlicott, Kate; Neira, Maria; Stocks, Meredith; Wolf, Jennyfer; Cairncross, Sandy
Efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a hand-washing product: a crossover controlled study among healthy volunteers. (2014)
Torondel, Belen; Opare, David; Brandberg, Bjorn; Cobb, Emma; Cairncross, Sandy
From joint thinking to joint action: a call to action on improving water, sanitation, and hygiene for maternal and newborn health. (2014)
Velleman, Yael; Mason, Elizabeth; Graham, Wendy; Benova, Lenka; Chopra, Mickey; Campbell, Oona MR; Gordon, Bruce; Wijesekera, Sanjay; Hounton, Sennen; Esteves Mills, Joanna; Curtis, Val; Afsana, Kaosar; Boisson, Sophie; Magoma, Moke; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver
Assessing the impact of drinking water and sanitation on diarrhoeal disease in low- and middle-income settings: systematic review and meta-regression. (2014)
Wolf, Jennyfer; Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Bonjour, Sophie; Cairncross, Sandy; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Curtis, Valerie; De France, Jennifer; Fewtrell, Lorna; Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Jeandron, Aurelie; Johnston, Richard B; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Mathers, Colin; Neira, Maria; Higgins, Julian PT
2013
Water, sanitation, hygiene and enteric infections in children. (2013)
Brown, Joe; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ
Guinea worm. (2013)
Cairncross, S
The risk of unimproved water and sanitation and the global burden of disease. (2013)
Cairncross, Sandy; Petach, Helen
The ICMJE authorship criteria: a response from the editors. (2013)
Cairncross, Sandy; van Asten, Henri; Jaffar, Shabbar; Junghanss, Thomas; Meyer, Christian G; Van der Stuyft, Patrick
Abastecimiento de agua, saneamiento, hygiene y salud pública. (2013)
Ensink, JHJ; Cairncross, S
Integration of water, sanitation, and hygiene for the prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases: a rationale for inter-sectoral collaboration. (2013)
Freeman, Matthew C; Ogden, Stephanie; Jacobson, Julie; Abbott, Daniel; Addiss, David G; Amnie, Asrat G; Beckwith, Colin; Cairncross, Sandy; Callejas, Rafael; Colford, Jack M; Emerson, Paul M; Fenwick, Alan; Fishman, Rebecca; Gallo, Kerry; Grimes, Jack; Karapetyan, Gagik; Keene, Brooks; Lammie, Patrick J; Macarthur, Chad; Lochery, Peter; Petach, Helen; Platt, Jennifer; Prabasi, Sarina; Rosenboom, Jan Willem; Roy, Sharon; Saywell, Darren; Schechtman, Lisa; Tantri, Anupama; Velleman, Yael; Utzinger, Jürg
Can we afford to overlook hand hygiene again? (2013)
Greenland, Katie; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie
Promoting health and advancing development through improved housing in low-income settings. (2013)
Haines, Andy; Bruce, Nigel; Cairncross, Sandy; Davies, Michael; Greenland, Katie; Hiscox, Alexandra; Lindsay, Steve; Lindsay, Tom; Satterthwaite, David; Wilkinson, Paul
Hygiene intervention reduces contamination of weaning food in Bangladesh. (2013)
Islam, Mohammad Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Gope, Partha Sarathi; Zaman, Rokon Uz; Hossain, Zakir; Islam, Mohammad Shafiqul; Mondal, Dinesh; Sharker, Mohammad Abu Yushuf; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; Bhuiya, Abbas; Endtz, Hubert P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Curtis, Valerie; Touré, Ousmane; Cairncross, Sandy
The neglect of hygiene promotion in developing countries, as shown by the Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water survey. (2013)
Jiménez, Alejandro; Cavill, Sue; Cairncross, Sandy
Piloting an intervention to improve microbiological food safety in Peri-Urban Mali. (2013)
Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy
Should the GBD risk factor rankings be used to guide policy? (2013)
Watts, Charlotte; Cairncross, Sandy
2012
Why is dracunculiasis eradication taking so long? (2012)
Cairncross, Sandy; Tayeh, Ahmed; Korkor, Andrew Seidu
Motivations and challenges of community-based surveillance volunteers in the northern region of Ghana. (2012)
Dil, Yasemin; Strachan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy; Korkor, Andrew Seidu; Hill, Zelee
Comment on "Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years". (2012)
Hunter, Paul R; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy
Programa Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental Relacionada à Qualidade da Agua para Consumo Humano (Vigiagua): lacunas entre a formulação do programa e sua implantação na instância municipal. (2012)
Queiroz, ACL; Cardoso, LSM; Silva, SCF; Heller, L; Cairncross, S
O uso da pesquisa-ação para a avaliação e o aprimoramento de práticas integradas para a vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano: potencialidades e desafios. (2012)
Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy
Factors associated with rotavirus diarrhoea in children living in a socially diverse urban centre in Brazil. (2012)
Strina, Agostino; Rodrigues, Laura C; Cairncross, Sandy; Ferrer, Suzana R; Fialho, Alexandre Madi; Leite, Jose Paulo G; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Barreto, Mauricio L
2011
Impact of a citywide sanitation program in Northeast Brazil on intestinal parasites infection in young children. (2011)
Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila; Alcântara-Neves, Neuza M; Cairncross, Sandy
Personal Notice. (2011)
Cairncross, Sandy
Demand for sanitation in Salvador, Brazil: a hybrid choice approach. (2011)
Santos, Andreia C; Roberts, Jennifer A; Barreto, Mauricio L; Cairncross, Sandy
Epidemiological methods in diarrhoea studies--an update. (2011)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Arnold, Benjamin F; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Luby, Stephen P; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Cairncross, Sandy
Response to Wang and Hunter: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between self-reported diarrheal disease and distance from home to water source. (2011)
Subaiya, Saleena; Cairncross, Sandy
HETEROGENEITY OF RISK FACTORS OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION IN AN URBAN SETTING. (2011)
Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, M; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S
Improving microbiological food Safety in peri-urban Mali; an experimental study. (2011)
Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy
2010
Hygiene, Sanitation, Water Supply: Forgotten Foundations of Health - 15 November 2010. (2010)
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Millennium Goals: Mired In Excrement? - 18 September 2010. (2010)
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Hygiene, sanitation, and water: forgotten foundations of health. (2010)
Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy
Hygiene, sanitation, and water: what needs to be done? (2010)
Cairncross, Sandy; Bartram, Jamie; Cumming, Oliver; Brocklehurst, Clarissa
Water, sanitation and hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoea. (2010)
Cairncross, Sandy; Hunt, Caroline; Boisson, Sophie; Bostoen, Kristof; Curtis, Val; Fung, Isaac CH; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter
Interventions to improve disposal of human excreta for preventing diarrhoea. (2010)
Clasen, Thomas F; Bostoen, Kristof; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Fung, Isaac C-H; Jenkins, Marion W; Scott, Beth; Sugden, Steven; Cairncross, Sandy
Sewage disposal in the Musi-River, India: water quality remediation through irrigation infrastructure. (2010)
Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Scott, Christopher A; Brooker, Simon; Cairncross, Sandy
Modelling latrine diffusion in Benin: towards a community typology of demand for improved sanitation in developing countries. (2010)
Jenkins, Marion W; Cairncross, Sandy
Relationship (or its lack) between population and a water and sanitation service: a study of users' perception in Vitória (ES) Brazil. (2010)
Ramos da Silva, Sara; Heller, Léo; de Campos Valadares, Jorge; Cairncross, Sandy
Sampling strategies to measure the prevalence of common recurrent infections in longitudinal studies. (2010)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Luby, Stephen P; Cairncross, Sandy; Chalabi, Zaid
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2009
Ascariasis and handwashing. (2009)
Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy
The sustainability and impact of school sanitation, water and hygiene education in southern India. (2009)
Mathew, Kochurani; Zachariah, Suma; Shordt, Kathleen; Snel, Marielle; Cairncross, Sandy; Biran, Adam; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter
Weight-for-age z-score as a proxy marker for diarrhoea in epidemiological studies. (2009)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Baisley, Kathy; Filteau, Suzanne; Cairncross, Sandy
Response to Comment on “Household Water Treatment in Poor Populations: Is There Enough Evidence for Scaling up Now?”. (2009)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy
Household water treatment in poor populations: is there enough evidence for scaling up now? (2009)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy
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Recent diarrhoeal illness and risk of lower respiratory infections in children under the age of 5 years. (2009)
Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Genser, Bernd
Certification of disease eradication: lessons from dracunculiasis. (2009)
Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy
Implementation of the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) method to improve microbiological food safety in peri-urban Mali. (2009)
Toure, Ousmane
2008
Bayard Roberts, Sian Clarke, Sandy Cairncross, Claire Bertschinger and more - 11 August 2008. (2008)
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Sandy Cairncross, Maggie Black and Girish Menon - 28 Mar 2008. (2008)
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Should data from demographic surveillance systems be made more widely available to researchers? (2008)
Chandramohan, Daniel; Shibuya, Kenji; Setel, Philip; Cairncross, Sandy; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL; Zaba, Basia; Snow, Robert W; Binka, Fred
Interventions to improve excreta disposal for the prevention of diarrhoea. (Protocol for a Cochrane Review). (2008)
Clasen, T; Bostoen, K; Schmidt, W; Boisson, S; Fung, I; Jenkins, M; Scott, B; Sugden, S; Cairncross, S
A hierarchical model for studying risk factors for childhood diarrhoea: a case-control study in a middle-income country. (2008)
Ferrer, Suzana R; Strina, Agostino; Jesus, Sandra R; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Cairncross, Sandy; Rodrigues, Laura C; Barreto, Mauricio L
Impact of a city-wide sanitation intervention in a large urban centre on social, environmental and behavioural determinants of childhood diarrhoea: analysis of two cohort studies. (2008)
Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L
2007
Impact on diarrhoea of a city-wide sanitation programme in Northeast Brazil. (2007)
Barreto, ML; Genser, B; Strina, A; Teixeira, MG; Assis, AMO; Rego, RF; Teles, CA; Prado, MS; Matos, SMA; Santos, DN; dos Santos, LA; Cairncross, S
Effect of city-wide sanitation programme on reduction in rate of childhood diarrhoea in northeast Brazil: assessment by two cohort studies. (2007)
Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila MA; Santos, Darci N; dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Cairncross, Sandy
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Measuring Access and Practice: Designing a Survey Methodology for the Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Sector. (2007)
Bostoen, Kristof
Cost-effectiveness of water quality interventions for preventing diarrhoeal disease in developing countries. (2007)
Clasen, Thomas; Haller, Laurence; Walker, Damian; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy
Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea: systematic review and meta-analysis. (2007)
Clasen, Thomas; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Rabie, Tamer; Roberts, Ian; Cairncross, Sandy
Waste stabilization pond performance in Pakistan and its implications for wastewater use in agriculture. (2007)
Ensink, JHJ; van der Hoek, W; Mara, DD; Cairncross, S
How often do you wash your hands? A review of studies of hand-washing practices in the community during and after the SARS outbreak in 2003. (2007)
Fung, Isaac C-H; Cairncross, Sandy
Editorial: Dracunculiasis eradication by 2009: will endemic countries meet the target? (2007)
Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy
Exposure to the risk of dengue virus infection in an urban setting: Ecological versus individual heterogeneity. (2007)
Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, MDCN; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S
2006
Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion (Chapter 41). (2006)
Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V
Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. (2006)
Clasen, T; Roberts, I; Rabie, T; Schmidt, W; Cairncross, S
Effectiveness of handwashing in preventing SARS: a review. (2006)
Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy
Cost-effective health promotion and hygiene behaviour change through community health clubs in Zimbabwe. (2006)
Waterkeyn, Juliet Anne Virginia
2005
Evaluation of the dracunculiasis surveillance system in 4 districts in Ghana. (2005)
Cairncross, S
What causes sustainable changes in hygiene behaviour? A cross-sectional study from Kerala, India. (2005)
Cairncross, Sandy; Shordt, Kathleen; Zacharia, Suma; Govindan, Beena Kumari
Environmental risks in the developing world: exposure indicators for evaluating interventions, programmes, and policies. (2005)
Ezzati, Majid; Utzinger, Jürg; Cairncross, Sandy; Cohen, Aaron J; Singer, Burton H
Revisiting the tsunami: health consequences of flooding. (2005)
Morgan, Oliver; Ahern, Mike; Cairncross, Sandy
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Community-based surveillance: a pilot study from rural Cambodia. (2005)
Oum, Sophal; Chandramohan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy
Asymptomatic giardiasis and growth in young children; a longitudinal study in Salvador, Brazil. (2005)
Prado, MS; Cairncross, S; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, AM; Rego, S
Childhood diarrhoea symptoms, management and duration: observations from a longitudinal community study. (2005)
Strina, Agostino; Cairncross, Sandy; Prado, Matildes S; Teles, Carlos AS; Barreto, Mauricio L
Creating demand for sanitation and hygiene through Community Health Clubs: a cost-effective intervention in two districts in Zimbabwe. (2005)
Waterkeyn, Juliet; Cairncross, Sandy
2004
Assessing water-related risk factors for Buruli ulcer: a case-control study in Ghana. (2004)
Aiga, Hirotsugu; Amano, Takayuki; Cairncross, Sandy; Adomako, Joseph; Nanas, Ofosu-Kwabi; Coleman, Susan
Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 1 - Lessons learned on research methodologies and research implementation from a multi-country research study. (2004)
Bolt, E; Cairncross, S
The Case for Marketing Sanitation. Water & Sanitation Program Field Note. (2004)
Cairncross, S
Dracunculiasis. (2004)
Cairncross, S; Muller, R
Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion. Disease Control Priorities Project, Working Paper no. 28. (2004)
Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V
It does last! Some findings from a multi-country study of hygiene sustainability. (2004)
Cairncross, Sandy; Shordt, Kathleen
Reducing diarrhea through the use of household-based ceramic water filters: a randomized, controlled trial in rural Bolivia. (2004)
Clasen, Thomas F; Brown, Joseph; Collin, Simon; Suntura, Oscar; Cairncross, Sandy
Household water management: refining the dominant paradigm. (2004)
Clasen, Thomas F; Cairncross, Sandy
Is there an association between bacteriological drinking water quality and childhood diarrhoea in developing countries? (2004)
Jensen, PK; Jayasinghe, G; van der Hoek, W; Cairncross, S; Dalsgaard, A
Environmental interventions and the pattern of geohelminth infections in Salvador, Brazil. (2004)
Moraes, LRS; Cairncross, S
Impact of drainage and sewerage on intestinal nematode infections in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. (2004)
Moraes, LRS; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy
Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 2 – Findings of a multi-country research study and implications for water and sanitation programmes. (2004)
Shordt, K; Cairncross, S
2003
Sanitation in the developing world: current status and future solutions. (2003)
Cairncross, S
Health, Environment and the Burden of Disease; a Guidance Note. (2003)
Cairncross, S; O'Neill, D; McCoy, A; Sethi, D
Handwashing with soap - a new way to prevent ARIs? (2003)
Cairncross, Sandy
Water supply and sanitation: some misconceptions. (2003)
Cairncross, Sandy
Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: a systematic review. (2003)
Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy
Water, sanitation, and hygiene at Kyoto. (2003)
Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy
Effect of chlorination of drinking-water on water quality and childhood diarrhoea in a village in Pakistan. (2003)
Jensen, Peter K; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders
Impact of drainage and sewerage on diarrhoea in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. (2003)
Moraes, LR; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy; Huttly, Sharon
Risk factors for infection with Giardia duodenalis in pre-school children in the city of Salvador, Brazil. (2003)
Prado, MS; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, Ana Marlúcia; Paz, Lívia Maria; Cairncross, S
Childhood diarrhea and observed hygiene behavior in Salvador, Brazil. (2003)
Strina, A; Cairncross, S; Barreto, ML; Larrea, C; Prado, MS
2002
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) and the eradication initiative. (2002)
Cairncross, Sandy; Muller, Ralph; Zagaria, Nevio
Domestic transmission routes of pathogens: the problem of in-house contamination of drinking water during storage in developing countries. (2002)
Jensen, Peter Kjaer; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders
Dynamics of dengue virus circulation: a silent epidemic in a complex urban area. (2002)
Teixeira, Maria da Glória; Barreto, Maurício L; Costa, Maria da Conceição N; Ferreira, Leila Denize A; Vasconcelos, Pedro FC; Cairncross, Sandy
Drawers of water: Assessing domestic water use in Africa. (2002)
Thompson, J; Cairncross, S
The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (2002)
de Almeida, LM; Amaku, M; Azevedo, RS; Cairncross, S; Massad, E
The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (2002)
de Almeida, Liz Maria; Amaku, Marcos; Azevedo, Raymundo Soares; Cairncross, Sandy; Massad, Eduardo
2001
The epidemiology of hepatitis A in Rio de Janeiro: environmental and domestic risk factors. (2001)
Almeida, LM; Werneck, GL; Cairncross, S; Coeli, CM; Costa, MC; Coletty, PE
Health and sustainable development. (2001)
Bradley, D; Cairncross, S; Haines, A; Stephens, C
Limitations of irrigation water quality guidelines from a multiple use perspective. (2001)
Jensen, Peter K; Matsuno, Yutaka; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy