Delivering Refractive Care to Populations With Near and Distance Vision Impairment: 2 Novel Social Enterprise Models.

Vision impairment due to refractive error affects crucial time periods across the life course-the educational years for children and working years for adults. Refractive error is easily and safely corrected with glasses, but many potential beneficiaries remain uncorrected due to various barriers, which can be addressed with innovative service delivery models. This review describes evidence-based initiatives from 2 social enterprises, Peek Vision and VisionSpring, addressing barriers to refractive error correction in children and working adults, particularly in low-resource settings. The reach, implementation challenges, adoption, and future development of these 2 novel models are described, and research evidence of program effectiveness is presented.