BCG vaccination induces different cytokine profiles following infant BCG vaccination in the UK and Malawi.
BACKGROUND: BCG vaccination of infants is thought to provide good protection in all settings. This study investigated whether Malawian infants made weaker responses across a cytokine panel after BCG vaccination, compared with UK infants. METHODS: Diluted whole-blood samples were cultured with Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative for 6 days from BCG-vaccinated infants 3 months (n = 40 Malawi, 28 UK) and 12 months (n = 34 Malawi, 26 UK) after vaccination, and also from UK unvaccinated infants (n = 9 at 3 months, n = 10 at 12 months). Forty-two cytokines were measured in supernatants using a multiplex bead array assay. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the overall patterns in cytokine responses. RESULTS: We found differences in median responses in 27 of the 42 cytokines: 7 higher in the UK and 20 higher in Malawi. The cytokines with higher responses in the UK were all T helper 1 related. The cytokines with higher responses in Malawi included innate proinflammatory cytokines, regulatory cytokines, interleukin 17, T helper 2 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Principal component analysis separated the BCG-vaccinated infants from Malawi from the UK vaccinated infants and from the unvaccinated infants. CONCLUSIONS: Malawian infants make cytokine responses following BCG vaccination, but the cytokine profile is different from that in the UK. The different biosignatures following BCG vaccination in the 2 settings may indicate variability in the protective efficacy of infant BCG vaccination.
Item Type | Article |
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ISI | 294595900015 |
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- Floyd, Sian
- Gorak-Stolinska, Patricia
- Smith, Steven G
- Blitz, Rose
- Branson, Keith
- Crampin, A
- Fine, P
- Dockrell, H
- Dept of Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Department of Infection Biology
- Dept of Population Health (2012- )
- Centre for Maternal, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH)
- TB Centre
- Vaccine Centre
- Population Studies Group
- Tropical Epidemiology Group
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164434 (OA Location)
- 10.1093/infdis/jir515 (DOI)
- 21881123 (PubMed)