Household contact with pets and birds and risk of lymphoma.

Saverio Bellizzi; Pierluigi Cocco; Mariagrazia Zucca; Ileana D'Andrea; Simonetta Sesler; Maria Monne; Angela Onida; Giovanna Piras; Antonella Uras; Emanuele Angelucci; +4 more... Attilio Gabbas; Marco Rais; Dorothea Nitsch ORCID logo; Maria G Ennas; (2011) Household contact with pets and birds and risk of lymphoma. Cancer causes & control, 22 (2). pp. 159-165. ISSN 0957-5243 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-010-9661-z
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BACKGROUND: Contact with household pets has been suggested to be inversely associated with lymphoma risk. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis in a case-control study of lymphoma in the Sardinia region of Italy. Cases were 326 patients, first diagnosed with lymphoma in 1999-2003. Controls were 464 population controls, frequency matched to cases by age, gender, and area of residence. In person interviews included self-reported household contact with pets and birds, type of pet(s), and age at starting contact. RESULTS: Frequent contact with birds was inversely associated with lymphoma, and particularly B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.4, 0.9). Contact with chickens accounted for this inverse association, which was strongest for first contact occurring at age ≤8 years (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 1.0). No association was observed when first contact occurred at age 9 or older. Contact with any pets was inversely associated with risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 1.0), but not other lymphoma subtypes. CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that early-life exposure to pets, birds and particularly with chickens might be associated with a reduced risk of lymphoma.

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